80% of dogs over 3 years old have dental problems. How to brush a dog's teeth, what tools to use, and how to recognise when it's time for a dental vet visit.
Studies consistently show that 80% of dogs over 3 years old have some degree of periodontal disease, inflammation of the tissues surrounding the teeth. It's the most common health condition in adult dogs, yet it's almost entirely preventable.
Untreated dental disease doesn't just cause pain and tooth loss. Bacteria from infected gums enter the bloodstream and have been linked to heart, kidney, and liver damage.
Watch for these symptoms:
If you notice any of these, book a vet appointment. Many dogs hide dental pain until it becomes severe.
Stage 1, Gingivitis: Gum inflammation. Fully reversible with professional cleaning and home care.
Stage 2, Early periodontitis: Bone loss begins. Treatable but not fully reversible.
Stage 3. Moderate periodontitis: Significant bone loss, pain, possible tooth loosening. Extractions likely.
Stage 4, Advanced periodontitis: Severe destruction. Multiple extractions, possible jaw involvement.
Catching it at Stage 1 or 2 makes all the difference.
Daily brushing is the gold standard. If that's not achievable, 3–4 times per week still makes a significant difference.
Patience is key. Never force it, you need your dog to accept brushing willingly.
The tongue keeps the inside of teeth relatively clean. The outer surfaces (cheek side) are where tartar builds up most. You don't need to brush the inside thoroughly.
Dental chews, raw bones, and textured toys can slow tartar build-up between brushings, but they don't replace brushing. Look for products with the VOHC (Veterinary Oral Health Council) seal, it means the product has been clinically shown to reduce plaque or tartar.
Avoid very hard objects (real bones, antlers, hard nylon toys): they can cause tooth fractures.
A vet dental clean (also called a scale and polish) is done under general anaesthesia. This allows:
How often? Depends on the dog. Small breeds and brachycephalic breeds tend to need more frequent cleaning, sometimes annually. Large breeds with good home care may go 2–3 years between professional cleans. Your vet will advise.
Some breeds are predisposed to dental problems:
These breeds may need dental attention from a younger age.
In PetsyPlanet, you can log:
A clear history helps your vet assess progress and plan the right schedule.
Dental health is one of the most overlooked aspects of dog care, and one of the most impactful on quality of life and longevity. Start brushing early, do it consistently, and have the teeth professionally checked at every routine vet visit.
If your dog has never had a dental clean and is over 3, ask your vet to assess their mouth at the next appointment. It's likely overdue.
This article is informational and does not replace a consultation with a veterinarian. Vaccination and deworming schedules and dietary advice are chosen individually. For the age, health and lifestyle of a particular animal. If you notice worrying symptoms, contact a vet.
Krystian Rygiel
Creator of PetsyPlanet. Writes about dog health because he's a dog owner himself and knows how important good medical records are.
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